The human papilloma virus is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases.There is unlikely to have a person who has never heard of him, since today, according to recent data, 12% of the world's population (this is about 660 million people) are infected with HPV.
The situation is quite under the definition of an epidemic.It is for this reason that we will understand what HPV is, how it manifests itself and what can be dangerous.
What is HPV?
It is worth noting that viruses wander genes, they look like intelligence.At one time, Koznicheev, Koznicheev, said that about two tonnes of the viral-bacterial border "live mass" passed through the human body throughout his life.All these processes, of course, affect the work of the genes.
The infection caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) is detected at least once in life in most sexually active people.The highest distribution is observed in women aged 20 to 24 years and men from 25 to 29 years.Among the reasons affecting the spread of HPV includes socio-economic, behavioral and medical and hygiene factors.
How is HPV manifested
HPV (Papillomaviridae) causes damage to the skin and mucous membrane of a person.At the same time, their immune barrier is a lower, which ultimately leads to an increase in the inflammatory process.In other words, entering the body, the virus causes the growth of more cells, which is not controlled by the immune system, which is clearly manifested in the form of papillomas, warts and Candyl on the skin.Another "focus" of the manifestation of this virus is the uterus.This organ is a type of "exhaust pipe" in the body as it serves as a direct indicator of the problems existing in the body (if any, the conception process is impossible or difficult).The human papilloma virus affects the uterine mucosa and can cause oncology.
Types HPV
The human papilloma virus can be divided into two categories - low oncogenic risk and high oncogenic risk.In most cases, with an infection caused by a low risk of HPV (1, 2, 3 and 4 types), the body manages on its own due to strong immunity.In rare cases, this type of infection causes warts, benign papillomas, precancerous lesions and even cancer.For their part, HPV is considered to be 16 and 18 species for biological carcinogens for cervical cancer, vulva, vagina, penis, anus and oropharynx.
Depending on the manifestations of HPV infection on the genitals, latent, subclinical and clinical forms are distinguished:
- The latent form of HPV infection, despite the presence of DNA of the virus, is not accompanied by morphological changes in the affected tissue.It is possible to determine the asymptomatic presence of this type of infection with the help of molecular biological methods that need to constantly monitor the condition of the epithelium of the cervix, vagina and vulva.No specific treatment is required with this form.
- Subclinical forms of HPV infection (which occur as a rule, asymptomatic) can be determined in colposcopy and cytological or histological examination.The greater part of the vaginal flat vagina remains asymptomatic, but often they can cause itching, vaginal discharge or blurry after intercourse.
- The clinical form of infection that doctors should most often face is mainly manifested in the form of warts and papillary formations, which occur as a rule, in places that are injured in sexual contacts.Their appearance and more so -called relapses are related to the weakening of common and local immunity.An important nuance is that from the time of infection to the onset of warts it can pass from a few weeks to several years.The average time between the infection and their appearance is 11-12 months in men and up to six months in young women.
Cervical cancer - how dangerous is it?
To find out how often and dangerous this disease is, it is enough to study the numbers.About 530,000 cases of cervical cancer (RSM) are registered annually in the world - it ranks fourth in the world in the spread of cancer in women.If we look at the structure of mortality in women under 45, the death of cervical cancer comes first.
How can I infect HPV?
The most common way of infection is vaginal and oral sexual intercourse, including without penetration.
Even a one -off contact with a probability of 80% leads to infection.It is also possible to become infected with oral sexual contact.The child may receive a mother virus at birth.
Girls who have not reached puberty are most at risk.
The specificity of the virus is such that most men and women are infected at the beginning of sexual activity, and some are repeatedly infected.
Is the infection always the disease?
In a group of people under 30 from 90% of cases, the infection ends with an independent cure.The remaining 10% go into the chronic stage, which can further enter the cervical cancer.This process is very stretched over time: from the moment of infection to the development of oncology, 5-20 years pass.And cancer does not appear "suddenly", it is preceded by precancerous diseases.Thus, with a careful treatment of your health, the disease can be warned or identified in the early stages.
Cervical cancer in the first stages may not appear symptomatic.Therefore, it is very important to regularly visit the gynecologist and conduct all the recommended examinations.Extremely careful every woman should be treated with bloody discharge, ejection with an unpleasant odor, pain in the lower abdomen.
How are HPV and RSM diagnosed?
The diagnostic system is very developed today and allows you to achieve high accuracy in the early stages.First, screening tests are used, including cytological examination of the cervix, HPV tests high oncogenic risk and expanded colposcopy.
It is recommended to do the annual screening of the cervix for all women from 21 to 69 years.Cytological studies for women from 21 to 29 years are conducted every 3 years and from 30 to 69 years - every 5 years.HPV testing is carried out as prescribed by a doctor based on stroke results.
HPV prevention and treatment
It is better to prevent any disease than to cure - and in the case of HPV, doctors and patients have every options for it.Vaccination may be recommended as a primary prevention today.The importance of this vaccination is proven at least by the fact that in many countries it is included in the national vaccination calenda.Moreover, they do it to all children - both girls and boys.And the experience of such vaccination has already been accumulated, there is evidence of effectiveness.In particular, the Australian Minister of Health said that by 2020, Australia would become the first country in the world with zero cervical cancer, precisely because of the mass vaccination of 2007.
Like other viruses, HPV can be removed with the help of various deficiency products such as colostrum, cat nola, shark liver fat, as well as stimulate the body with various trace elements - calcium, magnesium, iodine, zinc, selenium, iron.These trace elements enhance immunity and have a beneficial effect on the body's protection against HPV.There is a statement that in the case of HPV, a matrix zone (the first papilloma that arises under the influence of the virus) is formed in the body) and if it is burned and removed, and the likelihood of new ones is noticeably reduced.With the recurrent course of the disease, it is recommended to use systemic immunomodulatory agents, more special interferons.