Many people who have never encountered the human papillomavirus are strongly advised, if possible, to undergo an appropriate analysis to detect this disease. If the symptoms of the pathology began to appear, then the delivery of such an analysis is a mandatory measure. Viral disease of this type in men and women can occur as a result of transmission from another person in the following ways:
- Unprotected sexual intercourse (transmission is also possible through kissing - for wounds in the oral cavity and on the lips).
- During birth - from mother to baby.
- The virus can also enter the body of an unsuspecting person in the home area in places where there are many people: a public toilet, swimming pool, bathroom. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that you do not use foreign hygiene items.
This disease is not genetically transmitted through DNA. Therefore, the main risk of infection is the neglect of basic rules of hygiene, unprotected sex, reckless intercourse, and a weak immune system. Some increase in the risk of infection occurs when a person has bad habits.
Important!If there is no carrier, then in nature the HPV pathogen cannot survive for a long time (less than 1 day), but this is usually enough to infect a person.
If you wish to have a blood test for HPV, then you must first contact the clinic, as one of the highly specialized doctors may issue the appropriate referral.
There are more than 100 types of HPV and more than half of them do not pose any danger to humans, but some types are considered oncogenic, so they can cause cancer if they continue to develop.
The papilloma virus is incredibly often transmitted from person to person through sexual intercourse. In addition, in unprotected contact, the likelihood of transmitting this particular virus is extremely high (compared to other sexually transmitted diseases). In recent years, as doctors note, the number of cases has been growing exponentially every year.
This disease is especially dangerous for the weaker half of humanity, as it often causes the development of cervical cancer and other cancers in women. The older a woman is, the greater her risk of developing cancer. In men, papillomavirus, which develops in the genitourinary system, often leads to erection problems, irreversible infertility, as well as cancerous pathologies of the genitourinary system. Therefore, preventive testing is the right and rational solution.
What analysis to give the human papillomavirus?
A highly specialized specialist can determine what type of analysis you need to undergo and what actions you need to take to do so. You can get professional advice on this subject from a number of doctors: dermatologist, urologist, gynecologist.
There are currently several popular and effective methods that allow not only to identify the presence of a viral disease in humans, but also to immediately attribute it to a certain type - safe or dangerous.
Important!You can't decide which test to take to detect HPV in yourself - only a doctor should do it. He will indicate the name of the analysis.
We highlight the following applied methods:
- Colposcopy. A colposcope is used for a detailed examination of the cervix. During the procedure, the doctor can take a good look at the mucous membrane of the organ, get a high-quality image of all the interesting places and even find miniature papillomas and warts (if any).
- cytology. Cytology is a common method for detecting various pathological diseases of an infectious nature by examining a smear under a microscope. As a result of the study you can get the results of different classes: the first and second class will show that a person has no problems with this virus; the third class is the reason for conducting clarification tests (histology is usually prescribed); the fourth and fifth classes will show the presence of pathological cells. Infectious disease HPV with the help of cytology is diagnosed if the cells modified in a special way are found in human smear.
- Histology, study of biopaths. To test a sample on this technology, a specialist takes a small part of its tissue from a person (it is difficult to say how they take it, because in each case it is different). The tests are performed under a microscope - looking for modified cells that are affected by a viral infection.
- Search for antibodies against HPV. One of the most modern and useful types of research. This is due to the fact that the method involves looking for antibodies against this infectious disease in human blood (partly this is a diagnosis). Antibodies in the human body will appear much earlier than the virus begins its vigorous activity. The method does not allow a high degree of accuracy to identify the type of HPV pathology, and also does not show the concentration. Human blood, not tissue, is tested in vitro.
- Digene testing. A modern innovative way to detect papilloma virus. With this technology you can understand all the features of the disease. To obtain test material, a sample is taken from the urethral mucosa (men), vagina (women). Often this type of test is prescribed in combination with cytology, so that it is possible to obtain the most accurate data on existing pathology.
- PCR. The method is most sought after in cases where it is necessary to study the pathology of the papilloma virus with suspected oncology. According to this technology, a person donates blood, urine, smear from the mucous membrane (which the doctor will specify). The method is based on the detection of HPV DNA, so the results obtained in terms of the presence of disease in humans or its absence are incredibly high. It is difficult to study the material by this method, so there is a high probability of obtaining false results if the work is performed by an inexperienced specialist or there is a violation of technology.
Important!Regardless of the type of test and the method chosen, for people of all ages, the test will be simple and painless.
In cases where the test involves taking material from the urethra or vagina, it is necessary to prepare in a certain way: a few days before that you should stop taking any drugs with antiviral or antibacterial effect. A few hours before taking the biomaterial, you must abandon all hygienic procedures, do not go to the toilet.
If blood is used to detect the virus, then the test should be taken on an empty stomach. If you are very thirsty, then you can drink some clean water without sugar and gas. In order not to get false results, a few days before the test you should give up alcohol and fatty foods.
Important!It is also recommended that you temporarily abstain from sexual intercourse for two to three days before taking a sample of any type of biomaterial.
All tests for the detection of papilloma virus do not create difficulties for both patients and doctors: they can be passed quickly and easily, and the results obtained are likely to indicate the presence or absence of pathology. At the same time, it is extremely important to diagnose the presence of the virus as early as possible, because the earlier treatment is started, the lower the risk of a cancerous form of this pathology.
You can do an analysis of this type in any private laboratory or get the appropriate referral from the public clinic at the place of registration. The interpretation of the obtained results can be performed only by a qualified specialist. You don't have to take the results of the tests and study them on the Internet - nothing good will come of it - you won't be able to diagnose yourself properly.